Global Journal of Business, Economics and Social Development (GJBESD) is committed to upholding the integrity of the scholarly literature. Authors may request the withdrawal of their manuscript at any point during peer review or after the manuscript has been accepted, or retraction of their articles after publication. Please note that a penalty fee of USD 500.00 will be charged for any retraction or withdrawal initiated post-publication. This fee covers administrative and operational costs associated with processing the retraction. Retraction requests must be submitted in writing to the journal’s editorial office, clearly stating the reasons for withdrawal. The journal reserves the right to approve or deny withdrawal and retraction requests, especially in cases involving ethical concerns, duplicate submissions, plagiarism, or violations of publication policies. All retraction decisions are subject to review by the editorial team, and retracted articles will be clearly marked in the journal records and online platforms.

The journal may also publish Retraction Notices, depending on the situation, and in accordance with the COPE Retraction Guidelines. Articles may be considered for retraction under the following circumstances:

1. Unreliable findings: Clear evidence that the findings are unreliable, either due to misconduct (e.g., data fabrication) or honest error (e.g., miscalculation or experimental error).
2. Redundant publication: Findings have been previously published elsewhere without proper cross-referencing, permission, or justification.
3. Plagiarism: Articles that contain plagiarized material.
4. Unethical research: Research conducted in violation of accepted ethical standards.

The mechanism of retraction will follow the COPE Retraction Guidelines, ensuring transparency, accountability, and integrity in the scholarly record.